Congenital Dark Spots

Hyperpigmentation is a condition where certain areas of the skin become darker in colour compared to the surrounding skin. This can be due to an increase in the production of melanin, the pigment that gives colour to our skin, hair, and eyes.There are several causes of hyperpigmentation, including sun exposure, hormonal changes, genetics, certain medications, inflammation or injury to the skin, and some medical conditions. post inflammatory hyperpigmentation, caused after inflammation or scarring, including acne scars is another cause.
Dark spots, also known as age spots, sun spots, or liver spots, are flat, discoloured patches of skin that are usually brown or black in colour. They typically appear on sun-exposed areas of the skin, such as the face, neck, hands, and arms. Dark spots are caused by an overproduction of melanin, the pigment that gives colour to our skin, hair, and eyes. This overproduction of melanin can be triggered by exposure to the sun, hormonal changes, certain medications, and aging.
Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by dark, discoloured patches on the face. It is most commonly seen in women, and the patches can range in colour from light brown to grey-brown. Melasma is often referred to as the “mask of pregnancy” because it is commonly seen in pregnant women, but it can affect anyone regardless of gender or age. The exact cause of melasma is unknown, but it is thought to be related to hormonal changes, sun exposure, genetics, and certain medications.